> 2, should we have responded to the attack on Pearl Harbor by finding "moderate Shinto clerics" and sending them to Japan?
you see, >>99, at that time there was a state called Great Imperial Japan which held sovereignty over the islands of Japan, Korea, much of China, SE Asia, and the Pacific. Because this state committed an act of war against the United States, casus belli was established and shortly after war was declared. Japan and her allies had control over vast swaths of territory and strong militaries.
by contrast, muslims of the plane hijacking variety do not have a state, do not have territory, do not have militaries. they cannot be conquered by lengthy naval warfare and small territorial gains finalized in tremendous bombing sprees meant to cripple their capacity to wage warfare and then occupied for a while. they cannot be conquered. they can be eliminated or converted. they cannot be conquered.